Chemistry Journal of Moldova

Graphycal Abstract: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using Nicotiana plumbaginifolia plant extract through a green approach. XRD, FTIR, and EDX confirmed their hexagonal wurtzite structure and high purity. SEM and TEM showed spherical ZnO NPs (16–24 nm), with a band gap of 3.33 eV. FTIR spectra displayed a peak at 480 cm⁻¹, confirming Zn–O bond formation.  The ZnO NPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and S. aureus at 100 µL using the well diffusion method. They also showed excellent antioxidant potential, scavenging DPPH radicals with 75.59% inhibition at 250 μg/mL. This eco-friendly synthesis method offers a sustainable approach for ZnO NP production, highlighting their potential for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.

Graphycal Abstract: This paper presents palygorskite/biochar/iron oxide composites for uranium (VI) removal from water. The composites, containing magnetite and hematite, achieved maximum uranium adsorption (100.2 μmol/g), with pH increase enhancing the process. Magnetite facilitated uranium (VI) reduction to uranium (IV), proving effective for in situ water remediation.

 

Graphycal Abstract: Novel spectrophotometric method and bioassay using the Bacillus subtilis strain were developed for clarithromycin analysis. Experimental conditions were optimised and validated according to ICH guidelines. A comparative study was established, and the methods were successfully applied for the quantification of clarithromycin in solid dosage forms and can be used for pharmaceutical purposes.

 

Graphycal Abstract: A promising method of water conditioning for water circulation systems with the use of a scale stabiliser was considered. To inhibit the scale formation, antiscalant RT-2024-4 was used and the ability to mitigate the scale formation was tested. Water of various origins with different hardness was used during experiments. 

 

Graphycal Abstract: The purpose of this research was to activate Lampung natural zeolites, modify them with activated charcoal, and evaluate how well they store hydrogen. The highest hydrogen capacity value, 0.57 mmol/g, is found in activated natural zeolite, according to the Hydrogen-temperature programmed desorption data (H2-TPD).

Graphycal Abstract: The magnetic materials were synthesised from pomelo peel (PP@Fe₃O₄), durian peel (DP@Fe₃O₄), and banana peel (BP@Fe₃O₄) for adsorption of Methylene Blue. Under the optimal conditions, adsorption efficiencies of 97.7%, 97%, and 98.9%, respectively. These materials were employed to assess the COD index in select water samples.

Graphycal Abstract: The effectiveness and prospects of using food industry waste sorbents for water purification from copper (II) ions have been studied. The use of a regenerated sorbent made of activated carbon and kieselguhr modified with sulphide and hydrosulphide ions increases the efficiency of removing copper (II) cations from water by 65.5 times It was established that topochemical reactions occur on the surface of the modified sorbent with the formation of copper (II) sulphide CuS and elemental sulfur. The possibility of topochemical transformations was established by IR-spectral and X-ray phase studies.

 

Graphycal Abstract: The impact of doping graphene with metals like Cu, Al, and Mn on its adsorption strength for arsenic (As) was computationally explored for industrial wastewater treatment. The results show that doped graphene outperforms undoped graphene, suggesting that doping can enhance the adsorptive properties of graphene for As removal.

The chapter "Origin of Puckering (Buckling) of Planar Heterocycles and Methods of Its Suppression," authored by N.N. Gorinchoy and I.B. Bersuker, is a comprehensive and insightful contribution to the field of physical chemistry, with a strong emphasis on quantum calculations and computational chemistry. The two authors are well-known in the scientific community for their contributions to the understanding of the structure and reactivity of various classes of compounds, based on the consequences of the Jahn-Teller effect. Published as part of the monograph Heterocycles: Synthesis, Reactions and Applications by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. (2020), this chapter spans 60 pages and is structured into an Introduction, three main sections with eight subsections, Conclusions, and a list of 50 relevant references. The authors delve into the structural deviations of heterocyclic compounds, particularly focusing on the phenomenon of puckering or buckling, which significantly influences their properties. The chapter not only elucidates the mechanisms behind these distortions but also provides practical methods for their suppression and the restoration of planar configurations.